Istanbul is a fascinating metropolis that is unparalleled and unique in every respect. The city not only straddles two continents, Europe and Asia, but also offers incredible cultural diversity. Historical treasures, bazaars and markets, impressive architecture and the diversity of the population makes Istanbul an exciting melting pot of history and modernity and a delightful travel destination.
Highlights & Sights in Istanbul
As Istanbul has an incredible number of sights, exciting districts and highlights to offer, you can easily fill several days or even a whole week with activities here. Below you find the most important highlights in Istanbul that should not be missed.
01 Hagia Sophia
The Hagia Sophia is a fascinating architectural landmark in Istanbul and looks back on an impressive history. Originally built as a Christian church in the 6th century, it was later converted into a mosque and museum and has been used as a mosque again since 2020.
Visitors have to wear appropriate clothing for a mosque. This means that women should cover their shoulders and hair and men should not wear shorts.
Note: Since you have to take off your shoes to enter Hagia Sophia, I recommend to bring socks to put on for hygienic reasons if you are wearing sandals or similar.
One of the great advantages of visiting the Hagia Sophia is that admission is generally free of charge. However, there can be long queues, especially in the high season. It is therefore advisable to arrive early in the morning. I was there at 9.30 a.m. during the week and was able to enter directly without queuing, but only 30 minutes later a queue had already formed across the entire forecourt.
- Opening hours: daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., in summer until 7 p.m.
- Admission: free of charge
02 The blue mosque
The Sultan Ahmed Mosque, better known as the Blue Mosque, is another must-see attraction for travelers to Istanbul. It is famous for the magnificent blue tiles that adorn its interior, giving it the name “Blue Mosque”. As it is located directly opposite the Hagia Sophia, it makes sense to combine these two sights.
As an active mosque, admission is free for visitors, but visitors are expected to respect the religious use of the mosque. This means in particular that they should dress appropriately. Women must cover their hair with a scarf, shoulders and knees. Men should also cover their shoulders and knees. Free cloaks will be provided on site.
The mosque is always closed to visitors for a short time during prayer times. This is usually the case at lunchtime and in the afternoon.
- Admission: free of charge
03 Topkapi Palace
One of the highlights of Istanbul is the breathtaking Topkapi Palace. Situated on a hill with a magnificent view of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn, this palace was the main residence of the Ottoman sultans for centuries. With its lush gardens, colorful pavilions and throne rooms adorned with precious stones, it is the perfect example of Ottoman architecture and the luxury in which the Ottoman sultans lived.
Compared to the mosques, the Topkapi Palace is subject to a charge. However, there are various combination tickets that also include access to other attractions such as the harem. Some tickets can be purchased online or on site. I bought mine on site and opted for the “cheapest” tour without the harem, but including an audio guide. I can highly recommend this, as you learn more about the history and the individual building complexes.
Plan enough time to visit Topkapi Palace, the palace complex is relatively large and time flies by here.
- Opening hours: Wednesday — Monday; in summer from approx. 09 — 18:00, in winter from approx. 09 — 16:00
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Admission: Topkapi Palace 500 TL (~ 16,50€),
Topkapi Palace incl. Harem 650 TL (~21,80€)
04. Sunken palace/ Basilica cistern
A very special sight in Istanbul is the Basilica Cistern, also known as the “Sunken Palace”. In fact, this is not a palace, but an old water storage facility from the 6th century, which is located underground in the city. Covering an area of over 9,000 square kilometers, there are more than 300 marble columns that create an impressive backdrop thanks to the lighting effects.
- Opening hours: daily from 09 a.m. — 10 p.m.
- Entrance fee: 450 TL (~ 15,00€)
05. Grand Bazaar & Egyptian Bazaar
For all those who want to experience the colorful hustle and bustle and the unique smells and tastes of Turkish culture, a trip to the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Spice Bazaar is a must.
Known as one of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world, the Grand Bazaar is a paradise for all shopping enthusiasts. With over 4000 stores spread across countless small, branching alleyways and streets, the bazaar offers an almost endless selection of handicrafts, jewelry, ceramics, carpets and much more. The colorful maze of alleyways and the characteristic, bustling sounds make the Grand Bazaar an experience for all the senses.
In addition to the Grand Bazaar, there is also the Egyptian Spice Bazaar, also known as Mısır Çarşısı. As the name suggests, you can buy spices and herbs in particular at this market, but there is also a wide range of Turkish sweets. A visit to the spice bazaar is definitely an experience for the senses, as the aroma of exotic spices and teas fills the air.
06. Galata tower
The Galata Tower is definitely one of Istanbul’s must-see highlights. Located in the trendy Beyoglu district, the Galata Tower offers one of the best viewpoints in the city. At almost 70 meters high, the Galata Tower dominates the Istanbul skyline and is an iconic symbol of the city.
If you want to enjoy the view from the Galata Tower in peace and quiet, I recommend coming early in the morning. I was there at 08:30 and only had to share the viewing platform with very few others.
- Opening hours: daily from 08:30 — 22 h
- Admission: 350 TL (~ 11,60€), ticket incl. audio guide 410 TL (~13,65€)
07 Bosphorus cruise
Another fascinating way to experience Istanbul is to take a boat trip on the Bosphorus. The Bosphorus not only separates the European from the Asian part of Istanbul, but is also one of the most picturesque waterways in the world with its magnificent palaces, old fortresses and luxurious villas lining its banks.
A Bosphorus cruise offers a unique perspective of the city and allows you to take in Istanbul’s impressive skyline, the hustle and bustle on the banks and the beautiful bridges that connect Europe and Asia. During the trip, you will pass sights such as the Dolmabahçe Palace, the Rumeli Hisarı Fortress and the Ortaköy Mosque.
There are countless providers of Bosphorus cruises. F rom short round trips to private yacht tours, there is everything. The prices vary accordingly. The cheapest option, however, is the public ferry, which can be taken for just a few Turkish lira.
I went for a sunset tour including wine and snacks, which was offered via AirBnB Experiences.
08. The Kadiköy District
Across the Bosphorus, on the Asian side of Istanbul, lies the lively district of Kadiköy. This cosmopolitan district with its narrow streets, trendy stores and cafés exudes an incomparably charming atmosphere. The district is also known for its daily market and vibrant nightlife. A visit here is definitely an authentic Istanbul experience away from the usual tourist trails and sights.
If you’re looking for a tasty snack between meals, I can recommend Moda de Nata. Here you can find the delicious Portuguese Pasteis de Nata in countless variations and fresh from the oven — delicious!
To reach Kadiköy, the ferry is the easiest and most beautiful option. These depart regularly from the European part of the city, for example from Eminönü or Karaköy, and you can reach the Asian shore in less than half an hour
09. The District of Balat
Balat is a historic district in Istanbul, famous for its colorful, old Ottoman houses and multifaceted cultural history. The district has many new, hip cafés and boutiques, but still retains its historical charm. What is special here is that there is a mix of different religious communities in a very small area, which is why you will find synagogues, churches and mosques in a relatively small space. Balat is easy to reach by bus from the city center and is a good destination for anyone who is staying in Istanbul for a longer period of time or wants to get off the beaten tourist track.
10. The Süleymaniye Mosque
The Suleymaniye Mosque is, in my opinion, one of the most impressive places and towers over the Golden Horn in Istanbul. Visiting the mosque and the surrounding gardens, which offer breathtaking views of the city, is free of charge. Visitors should observe the dress code and during prayer times the mosque remains closed to tourists. The best thing is also that the mosque is visited by far fewer tourists than, for example, the Blue Mosque, but is at least as impressive.
11. The Karaköy district & the Galata Bridge
Karaköy, once a busy port and commercial district, has developed into one of Istanbul’s trendiest and liveliest districts in recent years. With a perfect mix of old and new, where historic buildings stand side by side with modern art galleries, hip cafés and trendy boutiques, the district is particularly popular with young people.
One of the main attractions of Karaköy is the famous Galata Bridge, which connects Karaköy with the historic center of Istanbul. Whether you take a relaxed stroll across the bridge or have dinner in one of the many fish restaurants under the bridge, the view of the Bosphorus and the silhouette of the old town is always spectacular. Especially in the evening when the sun slowly sets, the view is simply magical.
12. Istiklal Street & Taksim Square
Istanbul is a city that never sleeps, and the heart of this vibrant life is undoubtedly Istiklal Street and Taksim Square. These two places are located in the lively district of Beyoglu and are the center of art, culture and nightlife in Istanbul.
Istiklal Street is a lively pedestrian zone with a huge selection of stores, restaurants and cultural offerings. A special sight is the nostalgic red streetcar that makes its way through the crowds.
Taksim Square is a lively and often crowded place that is considered the modern city center of Istanbul. Surrounded by hotels, restaurants and stores, this square is best known for the Monument to the Republic, which represents the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Today, the square is a central point for demonstrations, parades or to meet with others.
13. Ortaköy Mosque
The Ortaköy Mosque, also known as Büyük Mecidiye Camii, is a picturesque mosque on the banks of the Bosphorus. Due to its style and location, the Ortaköy Mosque has become an extremely popular photo motif in recent years, and not just for Instagram.
Entry to the mosque is free and it is open daily outside of prayer times. Visitors should note to dress respectfully — women should cover their hair and knees and shoulders should be covered for both genders.
More experiences in Istanbul
Restaurants & Cafés in Istanbul
Istanbul has an impressive variety of culinary offerings, from traditional Turkish dishes to trendy international cuisine. For an authentic Turkish meal, we recommend a visit to the “Ficcin Restaurant” or the “Karaköy Lokantası”.
Very centrally located on Istiklal Street is WAMA’s, which has delicious Italian dishes on the menu.
If you are looking for delicious breakfast cafés or a snack in between, I can highly recommend the following cafés:
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- Susam Café
- Papadopoulos Café
- Federal Galata
Of course, you should definitely try the typical Turkish dishes such as: Baklava or Kunef.
Accommodation in Istanbul
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Arrival and Getting Around
Arrival
Most travelers are likely to arrive by plane, as there are numerous direct flights from various cities around the world. Istanbul has two international airports: the newer Istanbul Airport in the north of the city, which is one of the largest in the world, and the older Istanbul-Sabiha Gökçen Airport on the Asian side of the city, which is closer to the city center.
After arriving at the airport, there are various ways to get to the city center. The most convenient option is certainly a cab, but there are also public transportation options such as buses and an interconnected metro system. The travel time to the city center depends greatly on the traffic situation, but is usually around 30–50 minutes from Istanbul Airport and slightly longer from Istanbul-Sabiha Gökçen Airport, which is further away.
For orientation: I took a cab from Istanbul-Sabiha Gök airport.çen to the city center cost 600 TL, or just under 30€, for a cab ride of over 1 hour. As I arrived late at night, this was the quickest, easiest and safest way for me to get to my accommodation.
Getting Around in Istanbul
Getting around in Istanbul is relatively easy thanks to the well-developed public transport network. The metro, tram, bus, and ferry connects all parts of the city. All form of public transportation can be used with the “Istanbul Card”, a rechargeable card that is available in kiosks and vending machines and can be topped up again and again. For couples or several people, one card is sufficient if you always travel together.
- Istanbul Card: 50 TL + credit
- Travel costs: Tram ride 9.90 TL (~ 0.47€), ferry to Kadiköy 12.95 TL(~ 0.60€)
Costs of Traveling in Istanbul
Istanbul offers a variety of options for every budget. From inexpensive hostels and affordable restaurants to first-class activities, the prices in Istanbul are mostly reasonable compared to Western European cities.
- Hostel: 15- 20€/ night
- Coffee in the café: 2€
- Transportation: 4 — 8€/ day
- Hotel: 50 — 150€/night
- Activities: 10 — 50€/ day
- Restaurant: 8 — 15€
Best Time to Visit Istanbul
The best time to visit Istanbul depends primarily on personal preferences and plans. In general, however, spring (April to June) and fall (September to November) can be recommended as the best time to visit. During these months, the temperatures are pleasantly warm but not oppressively hot, which makes exploring the city much more enjoyable.
The summer months can be very hot in Istanbul and usually attract the most tourists. So if you want to experience the city at a quieter time, you should avoid the height of summer. Winter in Istanbul is usually mild, but can occasionally bring snow and rain. It is therefore particularly suitable for travelers who want to experience the city without the crowds and enjoy city life in the cosy cafés and restaurants.
Map: All sights & tips in Google Maps
My conclusion about Istanbul:
Istanbul is a city that must be experienced — it is a fascinating mix of history and modernity, of influences from the Middle East and the Western world. With its breathtaking sights, its culinary diversity and its vibrant city life, Istanbul offers an exciting mix. Which is why the city has secured a place in my heart. A visit to this city is more than just a city trip, it is a journey through time, cultures and lifestyles that reminds me how beautiful and diverse our world is.
